įujiwara no Michinaga (19th century monochrome illustration by Kikuchi Yōsai) became extremely powerful during Murasaki's lifetime. The couple had three children, a son and two daughters. Murasaki's mother was descended from the same branch of northern Fujiwara as Tametoki. He entered public service around 968 as a minor official and was given a governorship in 996, staying in service until about 1018. Her father, Fujiwara no Tametoki, attended the State Academy ( Daigaku-ryō) and became a well-respected scholar of Chinese classics and poetry his own verse was anthologized. Her great-grandfather and grandfather both had been friendly with Ki no Tsurayuki, who became notable for popularizing verse written in Japanese. Her great-grandfather, Fujiwara no Kanesuke, had 56 poems included in 13 of the Twenty-one Imperial Anthologies, the Collections of Thirty-six Poets and the Yamato Monogatari ( Tales of Yamato).
ĭespite the loss of status, the family had a reputation among the literati through Murasaki's paternal great-grandfather and grandfather, both of whom were well-known poets. The lower ranks of the nobility were typically posted away from court to undesirable positions in the provinces, exiled from the centralized power and court in Kyoto. Murasaki's great-grandfather, Fujiwara no Kanesuke, had been in the top tier of the aristocracy, but her branch of the family gradually lost power and by the time of Murasaki's birth was at the middle to lower ranks of the Heian aristocracy-the level of provincial governors. In the late 10th century and early 11th century, Michinaga, the so-called Mido Kampaku, arranged his four daughters into marriages with emperors, giving him unprecedented power. The Fujiwara clan dominated court politics until the end of the 11th century through strategic marriages of their daughters into the imperial family and the use of regencies. 973 in Heian-kyō, Japan, into the northern Fujiwara clan descending from Fujiwara no Yoshifusa, the first 9th century Fujiwara regent. Since the 13th century her works have been illustrated by Japanese artists and well-known ukiyo-e woodblock masters. Scholars continue to recognize the importance of her work, which reflects Heian court society at its peak. Early in the 20th century her work was translated a six-volume English translation was completed in 1933. Within a decade of its completion, Genji was distributed throughout the provinces within a century it was recognized as a classic of Japanese literature and had become a subject of scholarly criticism. Murasaki wrote The Diary of Lady Murasaki, a volume of poetry, and The Tale of Genji. Scholars differ on the year of her death although most agree on 1014, others have suggested she was alive in 1025. After five or six years, she left court and retired with Shōshi to the Lake Biwa region. She continued to write during her service, adding scenes from court life to her work. In about 1005, she was invited to serve as a lady-in-waiting to Empress Shōshi at the Imperial court by Fujiwara no Michinaga, probably because of her reputation as a writer. It is uncertain when she began to write The Tale of Genji, but it was probably while she was married or shortly after she was widowed.
She married in her mid-to late twenties and gave birth to a daughter before her husband died, two years after they were married. Heian women were traditionally excluded from learning Chinese, the written language of government, but Murasaki, raised in her erudite father's household, showed a precocious aptitude for the Chinese classics and managed to acquire fluency. Murasaki Shikibu is a descriptive name her personal name is unknown, but she may have been Fujiwara no Kaoriko ( 藤原香子), who was mentioned in a 1007 court diary as an imperial lady-in-waiting. She is best known as the author of The Tale of Genji, widely considered to be one of the world's first novels, written in Japanese between about 10. 1014 or 1025) was a Japanese novelist, poet and lady-in-waiting at the Imperial court in the Heian period. Murasaki Shikibu ( 紫式部, English: "Lady Murasaki" c. Late 16th-century ( Azuchi–Momoyama period) depiction of Murasaki Shikibu, by Kanō Takanobu
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